Oh, it turns out there’s a mode of VISA Debit where it requires online authorisations for everything, used as a sort of alternative to VISA Electron. But in such cases it’s not quite as safe as VISA Electron’s single-message system, as they could always like, actually take out more than was authorised later, right?
This is less a mode and more a card profile configuration; you can do similar with Debit Mastercard where you tell the card that all authorizations must be done online (etc), and indeed this is how prepaid cards (including the former Monzo ones!) work.
Both single and dual message systems offer ways for acquirers to “force post” transactions to a cardholder, but the acquirer normally takes on more chargeback risk when they do so